27 Aug The Southern Lapwing in Caño Negro Wetlands: The Watchful Guardian of the Grasslands
The Southern Lapwing in Caño Negro Wetlands: The Watchful Guardian of the Grasslands
The Caño Negro Wetlands, one of Costa Rica’s most important Ramsar sites, are renowned for their incredible biodiversity, offering shelter to more than 350 bird species. Among these winged residents, the Southern Lapwing (Vanellus chilensis) – known locally as Tero Común – captures the attention of birdwatchers with its striking appearance, sharp calls, and vigilant behavior.
A Striking and Easily Recognizable Bird
The Southern Lapwing is a medium-sized bird with a unique combination of features that make it stand out:
– Bright red eyes that give it an intense, alert expression.
– A black chest patch contrasting with its grayish-brown plumage.
– Iridescent bronze and green reflections on its wings, especially visible under the sunlight.
– A distinctive black crown with thin crest feathers that trail elegantly backwards.
– Long reddish legs that allow it to stride easily across wetlands and grasslands.
Habitat in Caño Negro
In Caño Negro, the Southern Lapwing is often found in open areas, such as:
– Wet meadows and pastures near lagoons.
– Mudflats exposed during the dry season.
– Grasslands at the edges of water bodies.
Unlike many secretive wetland species, lapwings are bold and vocal, making them relatively easy to spot for birdwatchers exploring the reserve.
Behavior: Nature’s Watchdog
One of the most fascinating aspects of the Southern Lapwing is its territorial and defensive behavior.
– These birds are extremely protective of their nests, which they place directly on the ground.
– If a predator—or even a human—approaches, they will sound loud alarm calls and sometimes dive aggressively to scare off the intruder.
– Their vigilance has earned them the nickname of “the guardians of the grasslands.”
This behavior, while startling, provides birdwatchers in Caño Negro with an exciting look at the protective instincts of wetland species.
Breeding and Nests
– Lapwings nest in shallow scrapes in the ground, often camouflaged among short grass.
– The clutch usually contains three to four eggs with cryptic coloring that blends perfectly with the surroundings.
– Both parents share incubation duties and remain highly defensive of their nesting area.
Why Birdwatchers Love Them
For those visiting Caño Negro on guided boat tours or walking near wetland edges, the Southern Lapwing is often one of the first species to be identified due to its charismatic presence and constant vigilance. Its loud calls often reveal the approach of other wildlife, acting almost like a natural alarm system of the wetlands.
Best Time to Spot Them
While the Southern Lapwing can be observed year-round in Caño Negro, sightings are particularly common during the dry season (December to April), when water levels drop, and wide mudflats and pastures are exposed.
The Southern Lapwing is more than just a bird of the grasslands; it is a symbol of alertness and resilience in the Caño Negro Wetlands. Whether you are a seasoned birder or simply exploring nature, encountering this bold species adds excitement to the experience.
Visiting Caño Negro offers not just the chance to see rare and elusive species, but also to appreciate the unique behavior of striking residents like the Southern Lapwing – the ever-watchful guardian of the wetlands.
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